C#: Struct
A struct is a value type data type. It helps you to make a single variable hold related data of various data types. The struct keyword is used for creating a structure.
Structures are used to represent a record. Suppose you want to keep track of your books in a library. You might want to track the following attributes about each book: title, author, subject, book_id
struct book
{
public string title;
public string author;
public string subject;
public int book_id;
}
In your main class
Book book1;
book1.title = "C# Programming";
book1.author = "John Smith";
book1.subject = "CS";
book1.book_id = 1234;
Console.WriteLine($"Title: {book1.title}. Author: {book1.author}. Subject: {book1.subject}. ID: {book1.book_id}");
Features of C# Struct
- Struct can have
method,fields,indexers,properties,operator methods,events - Struct can have defined constructors but not destructor.
- Unlike classes, struct cannot inherit other struct or classes.
- Struct cannot be used as a base for other struct or classes.
- Struct can implement one or more interfaces.
- Struct members cannot be specific abstract, virtual, or protected.
Classes vs Struct
- Class is a reference type and struct is a value type.
- Structs do not support inheritance.
- Structs cannot have default constructor
struct Book
{
private string title;
private string author;
private string subject;
private int book_id;
public void getValues(string t, string a, string s, int id)
{
title = t;
author = a;
subject = s;
book_id = id;
}
public void display()
{
Console.WriteLine("Title: {0}", title);
Console.WriteLine("Author: {0}", author);
Console.WriteLine("Subject: {0}", subject);
Console.WriteLine("Book ID: {0}", book_id);
}
}
In the Main
Book book1 = new Book();
Book book2 = new Book();
book1.getValues("C Programming", "Nuha Ali", "C Programming Tutorial",6495407);
book2.getValues("Telecom Billing", "Zara Ali", "Telecom Billing Tutorial", 6495700);
book1.display();
book2.display();